American Beech Wood

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American Beech Wood
Categories:	Wood and Natural Products; Wood; Hardwood
Material Notes:	Hardwood. Least easy to work with hand tools. Very good steam bending, fair shaping. Data is based on small, clear, air-dried samples unless specified. Property values marked by an asterisk (*) have been taken from an unusually old reference source.
Key Words:	Fagus grandifolia; Lumber, Timber
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Physical Properties	Original Value	Comments

Density	0.560 g/cc	Oven Dry Weight/Unseasoned Volume
	54.0 lb/ft³	Unseasoned*
Cell Length	1.20 mm	Mature Wood

Mechanical Properties	Original Value	Comments
Hardness, Wood Indentation	3600 N	Side. Force required to imbed a 0.444 inch steel ball to one-half its diameter
	4200 N	End. Force required to imbed a 0.444 inch steel ball to one-half its diameter
	5800 N	Side
Tensile Strength, Ultimate	7.00 MPa	Perpendicular to Grain
	760 psi	Perpendicular to Grain*
Modulus of Rupture	0.103 GPa	In Bending
	8.20 ksi	Static Bending*
Flexural Yield Strength	60.0 MPa	Bending stress at proportional limit
	4500 psi	Fiber Stress at Elastic Limit; Static Bending*
Flexural Modulus	11.7 - 11.9 GPa	In Bending
	1240 ksi	Static Bending*
Compressive Strength	7.00 MPa	Perpendicular to Grain
	50.0 - 50.3 MPa	Parallel to Grain
	610 psi	Perpendicular to Grain*
	2550 psi	Parallel to Grain*
	3280 psi	Max Crushing Strength Parallel to Grain*
Shear Strength	13.9 MPa	Orientation Unknown
	1210 psi	Parallel to Grain*
Impact	4.2	in-lb/in³; Work to Elastic Limit; Unseasoned Sample; Impact Bending*
	10400	psi; Fiber Stress at Elastic Limit; Unseasoned Sample; Impact Bending*
Work to Elastic Limit	0.990 in-lb/in³	Static Bending*
Work to Maximum Load	12.5 in-lb/in³	Static Bending*
Cleavage	59.0 kN/m	Radial surface of failure, Unseasoned*
	92.0 kN/m	Tangential surface of failure, Unseasoned*

Thermal Properties	Original Value	Comments
CTE, linear	5.40 µm/m-°C @Temperature 20.0 °C	Axial. Typical value for Beech.
	22.0 µm/m-°C @Temperature 20.0 °C	Radial; Typical value for Beech.
	34.8 µm/m-°C @Temperature 20.0 °C	Tangential. Typical value for Beech.
Specific Heat Capacity	0.390 J/g-°C	White Oak
Thermal Conductivity	0.173 W/m-K	White Oak
	1.00 BTU-in/hr-ft²-°F	Oven Dry
	1.30 BTU-in/hr-ft²-°F	12% Moisture Content
Shrinkage	5.1 %	Radial; Green to Zero Moisture
	11 %	Tangential; Green to Zero Moisture
	16.3 %	Volumetric; Green to Zero Moisture

References for this datasheet.

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