Cerium (Ce) Nanoparticles, nanodots or nanopowder are black spherical high surface area particles. Nanoscale Cerium Particles are typically 5 - 40 nanometers (nm) with specific surface area (SSA) in the 30 – 50 m 2 /g range and also available in with an average particle size of 60 - 100 nm range with a specific surface area of approximately 5 - 10 m 2 /g. Nano Cerium Particles are also available in passivated and Ultra high purity and high purity and coated and dispersed forms. Applications for cerium nanocrystals include numerous fuel cell functions such as in the electrolyte of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), to remove ultrafine diesel particle emissions like carbon and in coatings, plastics, nanowire, nanofiber and textiles and in certain alloy and catalyst applications. Further research is being done for their potential electrical, dielectric, magnetic, optical, imaging, catalytic, biomedical and bioscience properties.