Overview of materials for Refractory Metal

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Overview of materials for Refractory Metal
Categories:	Metal; Nonferrous Metal; Refractory Metal
Material Notes:	This property data is a summary of similar materials in the MatWeb database for the category "Refractory Metal". Each property range of values reported is minimum and maximum values of appropriate MatWeb entries. The comments report the average value, and number of data points used to calculate the average. The values are not necessarily typical of any specific grade, especially less common values and those that can be most affected by additives or processing methods.
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Physical Properties	Metric	English	Comments

Density	1.52 - 21.0 g/cc	0.0549 - 0.760 lb/in³	Average value: 14.5 g/cc Grade Count:378
Particle Size	1.10 - 40.0 µm	1.10 - 40.0 µm	Average value: 12.7 µm Grade Count:11

Chemical Properties	Metric	English	Comments
Thermal Neutron Cross Section	1.10 - 86.0 barns/atom	1.10 - 86.0 barns/atom	Average value: 23.8 barns/atom Grade Count:18
Electrode Potential	-1.10 - 4.50 V	-1.10 - 4.50 V	Average value: 2.46 V Grade Count:9

Mechanical Properties	Metric	English	Comments
Hardness, Brinell	95.0 - 2550	95.0 - 2550	Average value: 471 Grade Count:29
Hardness, Knoop	175 - 505	175 - 505	Average value: 268 Grade Count:8
Hardness, Rockwell A	35.0 - 76.0	35.0 - 76.0	Average value: 60.6 Grade Count:14
Hardness, Rockwell B	25.0 - 110	25.0 - 110	Average value: 81.4 Grade Count:116
Hardness, Rockwell C	12.0 - 50.0	12.0 - 50.0	Average value: 30.9 Grade Count:83
Hardness, Vickers	50.0 - 550	50.0 - 550	Average value: 249 Grade Count:79
Vickers Microhardness	65.0 - 140	65.0 - 140	Average value: 99.2 Grade Count:3
Tensile Strength, Ultimate	112 - 4900 MPa	16200 - 711000 psi	Average value: 758 MPa Grade Count:215
Tensile Strength, Yield	72.4 - 1640 MPa	10500 - 238000 psi	Average value: 569 MPa Grade Count:159
Elongation at Break	0.000 - 70.0 %	0.000 - 70.0 %	Average value: 12.1 % Grade Count:166
Reduction of Area	32.0 - 54.0 %	32.0 - 54.0 %	Average value: 42.3 % Grade Count:4
Modulus of Elasticity	68.9 - 469 GPa	9990 - 68000 ksi	Average value: 282 GPa Grade Count:143
Compressive Yield Strength	351 - 683 MPa	50900 - 99100 psi	Average value: 604 MPa Grade Count:9
Poissons Ratio	0.200 - 0.380	0.200 - 0.380	Average value: 0.306 Grade Count:25
Fatigue Strength	230 - 465 MPa	33400 - 67400 psi	Average value: 342 MPa Grade Count:11
Machinability	75.0 - 80.0 %	75.0 - 80.0 %	Average value: 78.8 % Grade Count:4
Shear Modulus	37.3 - 176 GPa	5410 - 25500 ksi	Average value: 114 GPa Grade Count:25
Shear Strength	250 - 425 MPa	36300 - 61600 psi	Average value: 331 MPa Grade Count:4
Charpy Impact	4.70 - 160 J	3.47 - 118 ft-lb	Average value: 56.2 J Grade Count:10
Charpy Impact, Unnotched	12.2 - 210 J	9.00 - 155 ft-lb	Average value: 120 J Grade Count:10
Charpy Impact, Notched	30.0 - 170 J/cm²	143 - 809 ft-lb/in²	Average value: 97.5 J/cm² Grade Count:6

Electrical Properties	Metric	English	Comments
Electrical Resistivity	0.00000190 - 0.0000290 ohm-cm	0.00000190 - 0.0000290 ohm-cm	Average value: 0.00000821 ohm-cm Grade Count:215
Magnetic Permeability	1.05	1.05	Average value: 1.05 Grade Count:24
Magnetic Susceptibility	3.30e-7 - 0.00000228	3.30e-7 - 0.00000228	Average value: 0.00000111 Grade Count:9

Thermal Properties	Metric	English	Comments
CTE, linear	4.40 - 12.8 µm/m-°C	2.44 - 7.10 µin/in-°F	Average value: 6.45 µm/m-°C Grade Count:142
Specific Heat Capacity	0.132 - 0.340 J/g-°C	0.0315 - 0.0813 BTU/lb-°F	Average value: 0.221 J/g-°C Grade Count:63
Thermal Conductivity	0.0581 - 330 W/m-K	0.403 - 2290 BTU-in/hr-ft²-°F	Average value: 133 W/m-K Grade Count:197
Melting Point	810 - 3420 °C	1490 - 6190 °F	Average value: 2500 °C Grade Count:148
Solidus	810 - 1430 °C	1490 - 2610 °F	Average value: 1080 °C Grade Count:61
Liquidus	851 - 3410 °C	1560 - 6170 °F	Average value: 3040 °C Grade Count:76
Boiling Point	4610 - 5900 °C	8330 - 10700 °F	Average value: 5240 °C Grade Count:33
Maximum Service Temperature, Air	500 - 2760 °C	932 - 5000 °F	Average value: 1680 °C Grade Count:15
Minimum Service Temperature, Air	0.000 °C	32.0 °F	Average value: 0.000 °C Grade Count:5

Optical Properties	Metric	English	Comments
Emissivity (0-1)	0.420 - 0.490	0.420 - 0.490	Average value: 0.455 Grade Count:4

Processing Properties	Metric	English	Comments
Sintering Temperature	1600 - 2050 °C	2910 - 3720 °F	Average value: 1850 °C Grade Count:3
Recrystallization Temperature	900 - 2600 °C	1650 - 4710 °F	Average value: 1680 °C Grade Count:14

Component Elements Properties	Metric	English	Comments
Aluminum, Al	0.000100 - 0.0100 %	0.000100 - 0.0100 %	Average value: 0.00247 % Grade Count:44
Cadmium, Cd	0.000100 - 0.00150 %	0.000100 - 0.00150 %	Average value: 0.00111 % Grade Count:16
Calcium, Ca	0.000100 - 0.0100 %	0.000100 - 0.0100 %	Average value: 0.00250 % Grade Count:34
Carbon, C	0.00100 - 0.150 %	0.00100 - 0.150 %	Average value: 0.0147 % Grade Count:86
Chlorine, Cl	0.000100 - 0.000500 %	0.000100 - 0.000500 %	Average value: 0.000200 % Grade Count:4
Chromium, Cr	0.000100 - 10.0 %	0.000100 - 10.0 %	Average value: 0.171 % Grade Count:58
Cobalt, Co	0.000100 - 35.0 %	0.000100 - 35.0 %	Average value: 4.38 % Grade Count:8
Copper, Cu	0.000100 - 69.0 %	0.000100 - 69.0 %	Average value: 16.3 % Grade Count:154
Fe + Ni	1.50 - 10.0 %	1.50 - 10.0 %	Average value: 5.30 % Grade Count:5
Hafnium, Hf	0.000100 - 30.0 %	0.000100 - 30.0 %	Average value: 5.17 % Grade Count:17
Hydrogen, H	0.000500 - 0.0100 %	0.000500 - 0.0100 %	Average value: 0.00150 % Grade Count:27
Iron, Fe	0.000100 - 13.5 %	0.000100 - 13.5 %	Average value: 0.758 % Grade Count:123
Lanthanum, La	0.150 - 1.20 %	0.150 - 1.20 %	Average value: 0.758 % Grade Count:7
Lead, Pb	0.000100 - 0.00200 %	0.000100 - 0.00200 %	Average value: 0.00128 % Grade Count:30
Lithium, Li	0.000100 %	0.000100 %	Average value: 0.000100 % Grade Count:4
Magnesium, Mg	0.000100 - 0.0100 %	0.000100 - 0.0100 %	Average value: 0.00131 % Grade Count:35
Manganese, Mn	0.000100 - 0.00500 %	0.000100 - 0.00500 %	Average value: 0.00115 % Grade Count:21
Molybdenum, Mo	0.000500 - 100 %	0.000500 - 100 %	Average value: 67.3 % Grade Count:126
Ni, Fe, Mo	7.00 - 10.0 %	7.00 - 10.0 %	Average value: 7.60 % Grade Count:5
Nickel, Ni	0.000100 - 47.2 %	0.000100 - 47.2 %	Average value: 2.68 % Grade Count:143
Niobium, Nb (Columbium, Cb)	0.00100 - 100 %	0.00100 - 100 %	Average value: 57.8 % Grade Count:41
Nitrogen, N	0.00100 - 0.0300 %	0.00100 - 0.0300 %	Average value: 0.00633 % Grade Count:58
Oxygen, O	0.00150 - 0.500 %	0.00150 - 0.500 %	Average value: 0.0533 % Grade Count:79
Palladium, Pd	34.0 - 65.0 %	34.0 - 65.0 %	Average value: 51.4 % Grade Count:4
Phosphorus, P	0.000900 - 0.00200 %	0.000900 - 0.00200 %	Average value: 0.00163 % Grade Count:3
Potassium, K	0.000100 - 0.0150 %	0.000100 - 0.0150 %	Average value: 0.00506 % Grade Count:47
Rhenium, Re	1.50 - 100 %	1.50 - 100 %	Average value: 29.5 % Grade Count:20
Silicon, Si	0.000100 - 6.10 %	0.000100 - 6.10 %	Average value: 0.0819 % Grade Count:86
Silver, Ag	0.000500 - 90.0 %	0.000500 - 90.0 %	Average value: 37.2 % Grade Count:49
Sodium, Na	0.000100 - 0.0100 %	0.000100 - 0.0100 %	Average value: 0.00193 % Grade Count:32
Sulfur, S	0.000100 - 0.150 %	0.000100 - 0.150 %	Average value: 0.0194 % Grade Count:8
Tantalum, Ta	0.00200 - 100 %	0.00200 - 100 %	Average value: 66.8 % Grade Count:49
Thorium, Th	5.00e-7 - 4.00 %	5.00e-7 - 4.00 %	Average value: 1.38 % Grade Count:12
Tin, Sn	0.000100 - 0.00800 %	0.000100 - 0.00800 %	Average value: 0.00232 % Grade Count:34
Titanium, Ti	0.000100 - 44.0 %	0.000100 - 44.0 %	Average value: 1.37 % Grade Count:43
Tungsten, W	0.00100 - 100 %	0.00100 - 100 %	Average value: 68.9 % Grade Count:321
Uranium, U	5.00e-7 %	5.00e-7 %	Average value: 5.00e-7 % Grade Count:4
Vanadium, V	0.000100 - 25.0 %	0.000100 - 25.0 %	Average value: 4.17 % Grade Count:6
WC	50.0 - 70.0 %	50.0 - 70.0 %	Average value: 56.5 % Grade Count:4
Yttrium, Y	0.000100 - 0.300 %	0.000100 - 0.300 %	Average value: 0.0352 % Grade Count:5
Zinc, Zn	0.000100 - 0.00100 %	0.000100 - 0.00100 %	Average value: 0.000533 % Grade Count:9
Zirconium, Zr	0.000100 - 3.00 %	0.000100 - 3.00 %	Average value: 0.386 % Grade Count:31

Some of the values displayed above may have been converted from their original units and/or rounded in order to display the information in a consistent format. Users requiring more precise data for scientific or engineering calculations can click on the property value to see the original value as well as raw conversions to equivalent units. We advise that you only use the original value or one of its raw conversions in your calculations to minimize rounding error. We also ask that you refer to MatWeb's terms of use regarding this information. Click here to view all the property values for this datasheet as they were originally entered into MatWeb.

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