American Eastern Hemlock Wood

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American Eastern Hemlock Wood
Categories:	Wood and Natural Products; Wood; Softwood
Material Notes:	Softwood. Relatively easy to work with hand tools. Data is based on small, clear, air-dried samples unless specified. Property values marked by an asterisk (*) have been taken from an unusually old reference source.
Key Words:	Tsuga canadensis; Lumber, Timber
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Physical Properties	Original Value	Comments

Density	0.380 g/cc	Oven Dry Weight/Unseasoned Volume
	28.0 lb/ft³	Unseasoned*

Mechanical Properties	Original Value	Comments
Hardness, Wood Indentation	1800 N	Side. Force required to imbed a 0.444 inch steel ball to one-half its diameter
	2300 N	End. Force required to imbed a 0.444 inch steel ball to one-half its diameter
Tensile Strength, Ultimate	260 psi	Perpendicular to Grain*
Modulus of Rupture	0.0610 GPa	In Bending
	6.70 ksi	Static Bending*
Flexural Yield Strength	42.1 MPa	Bending stress at proportional limit
	4200 psi	Fiber Stress at Elastic Limit; Static Bending*
Flexural Modulus	8.30 GPa	In Bending
	1120 ksi	Static Bending*
Compressive Strength	37.2 MPa	Parallel to Grain
	500 psi	Perpendicular to Grain*
	2710 psi	Parallel to Grain*
	3270 psi	Max Crushing Strength Parallel to Grain*
Shear Strength	880 psi	Parallel to Grain*
Impact	2.8	in-lb/in³; Work to Elastic Limit; Unseasoned Sample; Impact Bending*
	7900	psi; Fiber Stress at Elastic Limit; Unseasoned Sample; Impact Bending*
Work to Elastic Limit	0.880 in-lb/in³	Static Bending*
Work to Maximum Load	6.80 in-lb/in³	Static Bending*
Cleavage	26.0 kN/m	Tangential surface of failure, Unseasoned*
	29.0 kN/m	Radial surface of failure, Unseasoned*

Thermal Properties	Original Value	Comments
Thermal Conductivity	0.690 BTU-in/hr-ft²-°F	Oven Dry
	0.840 BTU-in/hr-ft²-°F	12% Moisture Content
Shrinkage	3.0 %	Radial; Unseasoned to Oven Dry*
	6.8 %	Tangential; Unseasoned to Oven Dry*
	9.8 %	Volumetric; Unseasoned to Oven Dry*

References for this datasheet.

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