MarkeTech Sapphire (Aluminum Oxide - Al 2 O 3 ) Single Crystal

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MarkeTech Sapphire (Aluminum Oxide - Al₂O₃) Single Crystal (discontinued **)
Categories:	Ceramic; Oxide; Aluminum Oxide
Material Notes:	Data provided by the supplier, MarkeTech International. Sapphire is grown by several methods: Boule form (Czochralski), in plate form, or as tubes, rods and plates. Boules are grown up to 8" diameter and 6" long. Plates can be formed up to 12" square and 1" thick. Rods and tubes can be grown up to 72" long. Sapphire is characterized by its high hardness (next to diamond on the Mohs scale), chemical and thermal stability, high application temperature, and transparency in the IR range. It is widely used as windows for instruments, high temperature parts, and wear resistance. Also used for deposition of III-V nitrides for LEDs, Lasers, etc. Standard orientation: <0001>; GaN Lattice Mismatch 14%. MarkeTech International is no longer in business.
Key Words:	Single Crystal Substrate, Al2O3
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Physical Properties	Metric	English	Comments

Density	3.98 g/cc	0.144 lb/in³
Water Absorption	0.0 %	0.0 %
Solubility in Water	0.0 %	0.0 %
a Lattice Constant	4.765 Å	4.765 Å
c Lattice Constant	13.000 Å	13.000 Å
Molecular Weight	101.96 g/mol	101.96 g/mol

Mechanical Properties	Metric	English	Comments
Knoop Microhardness	1800	1800	parallel to c-axis
	2200	2200	perpendicular to c-axis
Hardness, Mohs	9	9
Tensile Strength	275 MPa @Temperature 600 °C	39900 psi @Temperature 1110 °F
	345 MPa @Temperature 1000 °C	50000 psi @Temperature 1830 °F
	400 MPa @Temperature 25.0 °C	58000 psi @Temperature 77.0 °F
Modulus of Elasticity	345 GPa	50000 ksi	60° to C-axis
	352 GPa	51100 ksi	45° to C-axis
	379 GPa	55000 ksi	30° to C-axis
	386 GPa	56000 ksi	75° to C-axis
Modulus of Rupture	0.350 - 0.690 GPa	50.8 - 100 ksi
Flexural Strength	2500 - 4000 MPa	363000 - 580000 psi
Bulk Modulus	240 GPa	34800 ksi
Poissons Ratio	0.25 - 0.30	0.25 - 0.30
Coefficient of Friction	0.10	0.10	vs. self
	0.15	0.15	vs. steel

Electrical Properties	Metric	English	Comments
Electrical Resistivity	1.00e+11 - 1.00e+16 ohm-cm @Temperature 20.0 - 500 °C	1.00e+11 - 1.00e+16 ohm-cm @Temperature 68.0 - 932 °F
Dielectric Constant	9.4	9.4	perpendicular to c-axis
	11.5	11.5	parallel to c-axis
Dielectric Strength	4.00 kV/mm	102 kV/in
Dissipation Factor	0.0001	0.0001

Thermal Properties	Metric	English	Comments
CTE, linear	5.00 µm/m-°C @Temperature 50.0 °C	2.78 µin/in-°F @Temperature 122 °F	perpendicular to optical axis
	6.67 µm/m-°C @Temperature 50.0 °C	3.71 µin/in-°F @Temperature 122 °F	parallel to optical axis
	8.31 µm/m-°C @Temperature 20.0 - 1000 °C	4.62 µin/in-°F @Temperature 68.0 - 1830 °F	perpendicular to optical axis
	8.40 µm/m-°C @Temperature 20.0 - 1000 °C	4.67 µin/in-°F @Temperature 68.0 - 1830 °F	60° to c-axis
	9.03 µm/m-°C @Temperature 20.0 - 1000 °C	5.02 µin/in-°F @Temperature 68.0 - 1830 °F	parallel to c-axis
Specific Heat Capacity	0.105 J/g-°C @Temperature -182 °C	0.0251 BTU/lb-°F @Temperature -296 °F
	0.761 J/g-°C @Temperature 17.9 °C	0.182 BTU/lb-°F @Temperature 64.1 °F
Thermal Conductivity	23.1 W/m-K	160 BTU-in/hr-ft²-°F	perpendicular to c-axis
	25.2 W/m-K	175 BTU-in/hr-ft²-°F	parallel to c-axis
Melting Point	2040 °C	3700 °F
Maximum Service Temperature, Air	1800 °C	3270 °F

Optical Properties	Metric	English	Comments
Refractive Index	1.586 @Wavelength 5777 nm	1.586 @Wavelength 5777 nm
	1.633 @Wavelength 4255.3 nm	1.633 @Wavelength 4255.3 nm
	1.702 @Wavelength 3032.6 nm	1.702 @Wavelength 3032.6 nm
	1.732 @Wavelength 2249.2 nm	1.732 @Wavelength 2249.2 nm
	1.743 @Wavelength 1693.2 nm	1.743 @Wavelength 1693.2 nm
	1.753 @Wavelength 1128.6 nm	1.753 @Wavelength 1128.6 nm
	1.755 @Wavelength 1013.9 nm	1.755 @Wavelength 1013.9 nm
	1.757 @Wavelength 894.4 nm	1.757 @Wavelength 894.4 nm
	1.763 @Wavelength 706.5 nm	1.763 @Wavelength 706.5 nm
	1.765 @Wavelength 579.0 nm	1.765 @Wavelength 579.0 nm
	1.770 @Wavelength 546.0 nm	1.770 @Wavelength 546.0 nm
	1.785 @Wavelength 404.6 nm	1.785 @Wavelength 404.6 nm
	1.793 @Wavelength 365.0 nm	1.793 @Wavelength 365.0 nm
	1.798 @Wavelength 346.6 nm	1.798 @Wavelength 346.6 nm
	1.809 @Wavelength 313.0 nm	1.809 @Wavelength 313.0 nm
	1.824 @Wavelength 280 nm	1.824 @Wavelength 280 nm
	1.833 @Wavelength 265 nm	1.833 @Wavelength 265 nm
Transmission, Visible	85 % @Wavelength 380 - 700 nm, Thickness 1.00 mm	85 % @Wavelength 380 - 700 nm, Thickness 0.0394 in	Visible
IR Transmittance	70 % @Thickness 1.00 mm, Wavelength 5500 nm	70 % @Thickness 0.0394 in, Wavelength 5500 nm
	85 % @Wavelength 750 - 5000 nm, Thickness 1.00 mm	85 % @Wavelength 750 - 5000 nm, Thickness 0.0394 in
UV Transmittance	50 % @Thickness 1.00 mm, Wavelength 200 nm	50 % @Thickness 0.0394 in, Wavelength 200 nm
	60 % @Thickness 1.00 mm, Wavelength 280 nm	60 % @Thickness 0.0394 in, Wavelength 280 nm
	80 % @Wavelength 300 - 400 nm, Thickness 1.00 mm	80 % @Wavelength 300 - 400 nm, Thickness 0.0394 in
Reflection Coefficient, Visible (0-1)	0.14 @Wavelength 1000 nm	0.14 @Wavelength 1000 nm	reflection loss, 2 surfaces

Descriptive Properties
Crystal Structure	Hexagonal

**
Materials flagged as discontinued () are no longer part of the manufacturer’s standard product line according to our latest information. These materials may be available by special order, in distribution inventory, or reinstated as an active product. Data sheets from materials that are no longer available remain in MatWeb to assist users in finding replacement materials.

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